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Opening of the first Georgia Viaduct,
1915
Chronology Continued
[1757 - 1884] [1885 - 1891] [1892
- 1899]
[1900 - 1905] [1906
- 1908] [1909] [1910]
[1911] [1912]
[1913] [1914]
[1915] [1916]
[1917] [1918]
[1919] [1920]
[1921] [1922]
[1923] [1924]
[1925] [1926]
[1927] [1928]
[1929] [1930]
[1931] [1932]
[1933] [1934]
[1935] [1936]
[1937] [1938]
[1939] [1940]
[1941] [1942]
[1943] [1944]
[1945] [1946]
[1947] [1948]
[1949] [1950]
[1951] [1952]
[1953] [1954]
[1955] [1956]
[1957] [1958]
[1959] [1960]
[1961] [1962]
[1963] [1964]
[1965]
[1966] [1967]
[1968]
[1969] [1970]
[1971] [1972]
[1973] [1974]
[1975] [1976]
[1977] [1978]
[1979] [1980]
[1981] [1982]
[1983] [1984]
[1985] [1986]
[1987] [1988]
[1989] [1990]
[1991] [1992]
[1993] [1994]
1885
This year is sponsored.
*****************************************
The Main Events
- CPR surveyor Lauchlan Hamilton began to lay out the city's downtown
streets
- The CPR's last spike at Craigellachie
*****************************************
July 20, 1885 An act to restrict and regulate
Chinese immigration into Canada received Royal Assent. Among other
restrictions it imposed a Head Tax of $50, and was the first of
many enactments to discriminate against Vancouver's large Chinese
population. The result (intended): many men who pioneered in the
gold fields of B.C. or worked to build the CPR could not now bring
over their families from China to join them.
Fall 1885 The CPR's Lauchlan Hamilton began
his survey and street building in Vancouver. A plaque on the building
at the southwest corner of Hastings and Hamilton Streets marks the
occasion and location.
October 6, 1885 A resolution of Richmond
Council provided that white labor only would be employed on municipal
works contracts. Similar resolutions are passed in many Greater
Vancouver municipalities in the late 19th century.
November 7, 1885 The CPR's Last Spike was
driven at Craigellachie.
December 25, 1885 Dominic Charlie was born
(or baptized) near Jericho Beach. He will become locally famous
for his ability to forecast the weather. He and his half-brother
collect Squamish legends for publication.
Also in 1885
Seraphim Joe Fortes arrived in Vancouver,
aged about 20 (he was Barbados-born), as a crewman aboard the Robert
Kerr. He jumped ship to settle here and, being an excellent swimmer,
began to teach local people, especially kids.
Charles Henry Cates settled in Moodyville and began
hauling stone in a 240-foot steam scow called Spratt's Ark. He later
acquired two tugs and began ship-building and towboating.
The first church in Surrey, Christ Church Anglican,
near Cloverdale, is built in seven weeks.
A lawyer is retained by Surrey Council for an annual
fee of $50.
The first public wharf was built near Steveston
at London's Landing. The Telephone was the first regular steamboat
service, calling daily at points on both banks of the South Arm
en route to New Westminster.
1886
This year is sponsored.
*****************************************
The Main Events
- The City of Vancouver was incorporated
- The Great Fire virtually destroyed Vancouver
*****************************************
January 15, 1886 On January 15, 1886 the
first issue of The Vancouver Herald appeared, the city’s
first newspaper. Note that it bears the name ‘Vancouver’
more than two months before incorporation. One interesting item
was an advertisement placed by George Black, proprietor of the Brighton
Hotel at Hastings, B.C. That hotel was located at what is now the
north foot of Windermere Street.
“This fine and commodious new Hotel,”
the ad read, “has been recently completed, and is furnished
with every convenience for the comfort of guests. The situation
and accommodations are unsurpassed on Burrard Inlet, which has become
the most fashionable WATERING-PLACE in British Columbia. The prospect
is charming, the sea breezes are invigorating, and the facilities
for Boating and Bathing are excellent. Private sitting and dining
rooms. Suites of apartments for families or parties.
“The Bar is entirely detached from the main
building.
“First-class stabling and feed for horses.
“Buses to and from New Westminster twice a
day.”
We think the “buses” referred to are
what we would call stagecoaches. The Herald’s last
issue would be October 12, 1887.
April 6, 1886 The City of Vancouver was incorporated.
The ceremony was delayed when it was discovered no one had thought
to bring paper on which to write down the details. Someone had to
run down the street to the stationery store! The ceremony was held
in Jonathan Miller's house. The population of the city was about
1,000.
April 30, 1886 The corner of Cambie and Hastings
Streets was laid out by Hamilton. I'll explain in the book why Hastings
bends at this point.
May 3, 1886 Vancouver's first municipal election
was held. It was an at-large vote which elected ten aldermen and
the mayor (Malcolm MacLean). There was no voters list, 499 votes
were cast. In one of the first by-laws passed by Council, five wards
were created, each electing two aldermen for one-year terms of office.
An excellent brief biography of Maclean by Richard Mackie may be
found here.
May 12, 1886 The first meeting of Vancouver's
first city council. The first piece of business: a petition to lease
from the federal government a 1,000-acre military reserve to be
used by the city as a park. Today it's Stanley Park.
May 15, 1886 Lauchlan Hamilton began to survey
what would become Granville Street. (Hamilton named the street for
the Colonial Secretary of the time.)
May 19, 1886 An ad for the Brighton Hotel
appeared in the Daily News-Advertiser. The hotel's owner,
George Black, was already familiar in the month-and-a-half-old city
of Vancouver for his butcher shop on the tiny city's waterfront.
No beef or pork here, though: Black went into the forest surrounding
the city to bag deer and an occasional elk, sold their meat from
his shop or from a rowboat he took out to meet visiting ships. He
was famous for his gambling prowess, too, and for the horse races
he sponsored down muddy Granville Street.
May 28 Vancouver's first fire department,
Volunteer Hose Company Number One, was formed.
June 1, 1886 J.W. Ross' News began
to publish.
June 13, 1886 A furious, swift fire destroyed
Vancouver in a time variously reported between twenty and forty-five
minutes, when flames from a brush-clearing fire blew into tinder-dry
brush to the west of the city. At least eight people died, and some
accounts claim 28. About 1,000 wooden buildings—virtually the entire
city—were totally consumed. Said an eye witness, The city
did not burn, it was consumed by flame. The buildings simply melted
before the fiery blast . . . The fire went down the sidewalk on
old Hastings Road, past our office, so rapidly that people flying
before it had to leave the burning sidewalk and take to the road;
the fire travelled down that wooden sidewalk faster than a man could
run.
The city's volunteer fire-fighters had only axes,
shovels and buckets. It wasn't enough. The heat was ferocious: the
bell of St. James' Anglican Church that had warned so many was turned
to a molten lump of slag, when the church itself burst into flame.
(The melted bell can be seen today at the Vancouver Museum.) The
ship Robert Kerr, now a coal hulk, blown from its mooring, came
to a stop near the foot of Dunlevy Street and served as a refuge
for people jumping into the inlet to escape the fury of the fire.
There are a hundred stories of the fire, but this
one has always stayed with me: Lauchlan Hamilton, the CPR land commissioner
and city alderman, dashed to his office, collected the most
valuable papers, shoved them in a sheaf under his arm and
ran into a cauldron of fire, breathing air as hot as cinders.
When Hamilton reached safety, he saw that the papers, still under
his arm, were charred black.
June 17, 1886 Four days after the fire, the
News was back on the streets.
July 4, 1886 The first scheduled CPR transcontinental
passenger train reached Port Moody, after travelling for five days,
19 hours. It was one minute late. Locomotive No. 371, having been
placed on the train at North Bend, hauled the first Pacific Express
into Port Moody, the first scheduled train to cross Canada from
sea to sea.
July 13, 1886 Vancouver city council passed
by-law No. 258 to regulate the use of bicycles, which must henceforth
not exceed 8 mph.
July 26, 1886 The first inward cargo to the
port of Vancouver arrived: tea from China.
July 30, 1886 Vancouver's first fire engine,
the M.A. MacLean, a 5,000-pound Ronald steam pumperordered
a week after the Great Firearrived at Port Moody. A four-horse
team hauled it over miles of dusty roads via New Westminster to
Vancouver, where it arrived August 1. With its accompanying four
hose reels and 2,500 feet of 2 1/2-inch hose, it had cost $6,905.
August 1, 1886 The new fire engine and its
supporting equipment arrived, and two days later was placed in service
'under canvas', until the new firehall was built. There were no
horses available to pull it, so for a time it had to be pulled to
fires by the firefighters themselves.
August 11, 1886 The first major fire fought
by the VFB was at Spratt's Oilery, near midnight, and described
as 'a considerable distance from town' (at the north foot of today's
Burrard Street). The "oilery" dealt in fish oil. The men had to
pull the engine to the fire site themselves, there being no horses,
and were not able to save the oilery, but they did prevent the fire
from spreading.
September 1, 1886 Vancouver's first bank,
the Bank of British Columbia (no connection with today's) opened
on the site of today's CPR station.
September 13, 1886 The St. Andrew's and Caledonian
Society of Vancouver was formed. It's still active today, the oldest
Scottish organization in the city. Here's a startling statistic:
On St. Andrew's Day, November 30, 1887 the society held a grand
"St. Andrew's Ball" in McDonough Hall at the southeast corner of
Hastings and Columbia. Of the 1,000 or so people who lived in Vancouver
at the time, 400 attended. In a rainstorm. The society sponsors
Scots-flavored cultural events to this day.
Also in 1886
The first badges for the Vancouver City Police were
made of American silver dollars, with one side smoothed down and
engraved Vancouver City Police. On the other side, a pin was soldered
on.
The city's first graveyard—it's at Brockton Point—was
closed as Stanley Park began to be developed.
William Macdougall's Advertiser began publishing
in Vancouver. For a brief time Vancouver, with a population of about
1,000, had three daily newspapers.
The Oppenheimer family (food wholesaling) built
a warehouse that today is home to Bryan Adams' recording studio.
It is the oldest brick building in the city.
1887
This year is sponsored.
*****************************************
The Main Events
- The first CPR passenger train arrived in Vancouver
- The Vancouver Board of Trade was incorporated
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January 17, 1887 First Hudson's Bay store
opened in the city on Cordova Street, on property leased from the
CPR. Shelves held what were advertised as the necessities
of life, saws, axes, lanterns and provisions.
February 1887 A white mob attacked and wrecked
a Chinese camp in False Creek. These and other disturbances lead
to the suspension of the city charter and the dispatch of special
constables from Victoria.
March 16, 1887 The First Baptist Church of
Vancouver opened on Cordova Street.
March 31, 1887 The Advertiser, owned by F.L.
Carter-Cotton, had merged with the News—both papers about a year
old—and the News-Advertiser was created. Their first issue was this
date. The big Page One story: A DEMENTED CHINAMAN.
April 1887 Vancouver's first band concert
was held at the Methodist Church on Water Street, opening with The
Maple Leaf Forever.
May 1887 The CP main line was extended 12.2
miles along Burrard Inlet to Vancouver.
May 23, 1887 The first CPR passenger train
arrived in Vancouver from Montreal. Locomotive 374, attached to
the train at Port Moody, brought it in with Peter Righter at the
throttle. (It is often thought #374 pulled the train right across
the country. Nope, just from Port Moody.) The choice of Vancouver
as the Pacific terminus for the CPR ensured the town's dominant
role in southwestern B.C.
May The first passenger to step down onto
the platform was a 21-year-old Welshman named Jonathan Rogers. He
will become a major developer in the city. The Rogers Building,
the attractive white terra cotta building at the northeast corner
of Pender and Granville, is one of his.
June 13, 1887 S.S. Abyssinia, chartered by
the CPR, arrived from the Orient with a cargo of tea, silk and mail
bound for London, England. This marked the beginning of the trans-Pacific,
trans-Atlantic trade using the new railway. With Vancouver as the
trans-shipment point, the Abyssinia's cargo gets from Yokohama to
London in 29 days. Back then, that was FAST: water-only transport
of the same cargo would normally take about 45 days. The Abyssinia
showed that Vancouver was going to be an important Pacific Rim port.
July 1, 1887 Vancouver is made a customs
port of entry.
Summer, 1887 In the summer of 1887 CPR surveyor
Lauchlan Hamilton oared his wooden canoe south across False Creek
to pitch a tent on the forested south slope. While plotting road
survey lines through the bush he looked back across the water at
the brand new city of Vancouver rising against the backdrop of the
imposing north shore mountain range, and determined the new subdivision
should be called Fairview.
August 8, 1887 The first electric lights
are turned on in Vancouver.
September 22, 1887 A group of Vancouver businessmen
— merchants, lumbermen, bankers and manufacturers—hold a meeting
and decide to form a Board of Trade. Within a month, they had drawn
up a list of goals and objectives. Besides calling for a land registry
office, court house, more schools, playgrounds and mail delivery,
the Board wanted direct taxation abolished by both civic and provincial
governments.
December 14, 1887 The Vancouver Reading Room
opened its doors on the upper floor at 136 Cordova Street West.
(In April 1889, it will become a free library).
Also in 1887
The Salvation Army began in Vancouver with four ladies
known as the Hallelujah Lassies.
Hugh Boyd, a Richmond farmer and its first Warden
(like a mayor), was awarded a medal for the best wheat grown in
the British Empire.
Surrey appointed E.T. Wade as its first Police Constable.
A year later they bought him handcuffs and a gun.
Gihei Kuno, a Japanese fisherman, visited Steveston.
He settled in the area, and sent an invitation to other young men
from his village which had lost much of its fishing grounds to Osaka.
Many of his countrymen followed him.
There was a typhoid outbreak in Delta, due partly
to river pollution caused by salmon canneries. There were about
16 canneries operating in the Lower Fraser.
Colonel Richard Moody, who commanded the force of
Royal Engineers who either built or contracted our first roads and
bridges, died at about 74 in Bournemouth, England.
Jones Tent & Awning was founded by Charles H. Jones.
It will last for nearly a century.
1888
You can sponsor this
year in the book! Click here for details.
*****************************************
The Main Events
- The first Hotel Vancouver opened
- Stanley Park was officially opened
*****************************************
January 30, 1888 Work began on a dam on the
Capilano River to create a water supply for Vancouver. The water
will be sent through a pipeline lying on the bottom of Burrard Inlet.
February 7, 1888 Vancouver's oldest union,
Local 226 (Vancouver) of the International Typographical Union received
its charter.
(Most likely May) 1888 The first Hotel Vancouver
opened. (Note: not in 1887.)
May 12 The New Westminster Salmonbellies organized
as a field lacrosse club. The club, whose web site is here,
is working on an online history. In the 1930s a prominent member
of the organization, and once a lacrosse player himself, was Fred
Hume, famous for being the mayor of New Westminster and Vancouver
. . . although not at the same time!
July 5, 1888 St. Luke's Hospital was opened
in Vancouver by Mayor David Oppenheimer and consecrated by Ven.
Archdeacon Woods. Here Sister Frances Redmond ran B.C.'s first nurses
training school and Vancouver's first social services centre.
July 10, 1888 John B. Rivet, blacksmith and
wheelwright, opened a shop in Trounce Alley.
July 15 The Daily News-Advertiser had
this note: Mr. W.A. Cumyow, formerly a merchant in Yale and
Victoria, and who has lived recently in Westminster, has now opened
an office in the new block at the corner of Cordova and Homer streets,
and, as will be seen by his advertisements, will act as Chinese
and English translator and accountant, also as real estate and custom
house broker, conveyancer, etc. (A note on newspaper style
of the time: New Westminster is often referred to as, simply, Westminster.)
July 26, 1888 The first steamer on the West
Coast, the Hudson's Bay Company's Beaver, ran aground on Prospect
Point. After 53 years her days of service end.
September 1888 The first Surrey Fall Fair
was held on the grounds of the municipal hall. The fair ended in
a deficit, so winners accepted reduced prizes and promised to attend
next year.
September 27, 1888 Stanley Park was officially
opened, Mayor David Oppenheimer presiding.
September 29, 1888 The World, a daily newspaper,
was established by J.C. McLagan.
Also in 1888
Surrey Council paid for residents to be vaccinated
against smallpox—the outbreak was contained, with only four deaths
in Surrey.
The Delta Agricultural Society was founded for the
purpose of holding an annual agricultural fair. A harness-racing
track was built on the fairgrounds.
Moodyville's steamer Eliza was making five round
trips a day from Moodyville to Vancouver, and one to Hastings. The
fare was 25 cents each way. With increased access the north shore's
population began to grow.
The West School was built at Burrard and Barclay.
First part of the CPR roundhouse in Yaletown built.
Today it's a community centre, and home to Locomotive #374.
McDonough Hall was built at the southeast corner
of Hastings and Columbia. The upper floor, said City
Archivist Major J.S. Matthews, was a social centre for grand
events in those early days. It later became the Cosy Corner
Grocery.
Hastings Park was granted in trust to the City by
the Province, with the site to be used as a public park. (Source:
City
of Vancouver)
1889
This year is sponsored.
*****************************************
The Main Event
- Water was supplied to Vancouver from the North Shore
*****************************************
January 4, 1889 the first Granville Street
bridge opened. (The current bridge is the third.)
March 5, 1889 The first banquet of the Vancouver
Board of Trade was held in the Hotel Vancouver, at a cost of $12.50
per plate. That also got you a quart bottle of Mumm's Extra Dry
Champagne.
March 14, 1889 The Vancouver Real Estate
Board was formed. Today, it's known as the Greater Vancouver Real
Estate Board.
March 26, 1889 A small crowd gathered at
Georgia and Granville Streets and watched as a valve was turned
and fresh Capilano River water began to gush out. Wrote the Weekly
News-Advertiser . . . water from the water works dam of
the Capilano River, ten miles from the place of writing in this
city, crossed the Narrows Monday night at 11:10 o'clock, at 1 o'clock
had filled the mains on Georgia street and at 2 o'clock had reached
Westminster avenue [Main Street]. Vancouver had its water.
This subject is treated at more length, with lots of interesting
detail, here.
May 6, 1889 The Eiffel Tower opened in Paris.
June 1889 Writer Rudyard Kipling first visited
Vancouver.
September 1889 The Vancouver Fire Department
finally got horses to pull their fire engine. Since the summer of
1886 the men had had to pull the engine themselves.
September 28, 1889 The windjammer Titania
departed Steveston with canned salmon for direct shipment to Britain,
the first ship to do so. Earlier, local canneries have imported
and exported via Victoria.
Also September 28, 1889 Vancouver's first
city hospital opens, a wooden building at Beatty Street and Cambie,
with 35 beds.
October 29, 1889 Governor General Lord Stanley
(the same man who gave us the Stanley Cup) dedicated Stanley Park
during the first visit of a GG to British Columbia. An observer
at the dedication wrote: Lord Stanley threw his arms to the
heavens, as though embracing within them the whole of one thousand
acres of primeval forest, and dedicated it 'to the use and enjoyment
of peoples of all colours, creeds, and customs, for all time'.
His statue, in Stanley Park, immortalizes that gesture.
November 16, 1889 The Union Steamship Company
was formed from the consolidation of the Moodyville ferry company
and Burrard Inlet Towing Company.
December 5 The first Shakespearean production
in the city: Richard III at the Imperial Theatre.
Also in 1889
John Howe Carlisle became chief of the Vancouver
Fire Department. He will serve as chief for an astonishing 42 years.
Carlisle was the first (1922) recipient of Vancouver's Good Citizen
Award.
New Brunswick-born Jay Russell and Victoria-born
Len DuMoulin form Russell & DuMoulin, a law firm that will celebrate
its 100th anniversary in 1989, making it the oldest and largest
law firm in the city. Today the firm is Fasken Martineau DuMoulin,
with more than 130 lawyers.
New Westminster formed a lacrosse team called the
Salmonbellies and within a year they establish themselves as a team
of national rank.
The Trades and Labour Council was formed for the
purpose of establishing a nine-hour work day.
The Marpole Midden (refuse heap), largest known
in North America to that date, was discovered.
Benjamin Tingley Rogers (born in Philadelphia October
21, 1865) came to Vancouver. He began the B.C. Sugar Refinery, wresting
all sorts of concessions from city councillors anxious to have new
industry. He was 24. Read John Schreiner's The Refiners: A Century
of B.C. Sugar.
1890
You can sponsor this
year in the book! Click here for details.
*****************************************
The Main Events
- B.T. Rogers starts a sugar refinery
- Vancouver gets its first electric streetcars
*****************************************
January 1890 Vancouver's first high school
opened.
June 28, 1890 Vancouver's electric street
car system began, running from Granville Street Bridge to Union
and Westminster (Main) Streets.
July 8, 1890 First foundation stone of the
B.C. Sugar Refinery was laid. That building no longer exists.
November 12, 1890 The first shipment of raw
sugar, 250 tons, arrived on board the S.S. Abyssinia from the Philippines
for the B.C. Sugar refinery.
Also in 1890
John Oliver rented out the first steam thresher in
Delta and transported it from farm to farm on the new main roads
of the municipality.
1891
You can sponsor this
year in the book! Click here for details.
*****************************************
The Main Event
- Burnaby’s Central Park was created
- The Vancouver Opera House opened
- Coquitlam was incorporated
*****************************************
January 2, 1891 Electric street lights are
switched on in New Westminster, from a power plant fuelled by sawdust.
January 14, 1891 Lieutenant-Governor Hugh
Nelson proclaimed the former military reserve in Burnaby to be Central
Park, and sets it aside for recreation. (The park was named after
Central Park in New York, where Mrs. Oppenheimer, wife of Vancouver's
mayor, was born.)
January 29 The brand-new B.C. Sugar Refinery
invited Mayor David Oppenheimer to tour the plant. Oppenheimer had
donated the land on which the refinery sat.
February 9, 1891 The Vancouver Opera House,
built for $100,000 by the Canadian Pacific Railway, opened on Granville
Street with 2,000 seats. The city's population was 13,000! It was
an astonishingly grand edifice for such a tiny town, but an indication
of the CPR's optimistic view of the future.
March 10, 1891 H.O. Bell-Irving formed the
Anglo-British Columbia Packing Company.
April 28, 1891 The CPR's Empress of India
arrived in the city for the first time.
June 12, 1891 The Ross McLaren Sawmills at
Millside (later known as Fraser Mills), built in 1889, finally began
operation.
July 1, 1891 The Douglas border crossing,
named after Sir James Douglas, was established.
August 22, 1891 Coquitlam was incorporated.
August 29, 1891 The first councillors for
North Vancouver District were sworn in. Moodyville decided not to
be a part of the new municipality, which stretched from Horseshoe
Bay to Deep Cove.
September 21, 1891 Sarah Bernhardt starred
in Fedora at the Vancouver Opera House.
September 21, 1891 E.H. Wall of New York
demonstrates the Edison gramophone for the first time in Vancouver
at Manor House.
September 26, 1891 Squatter Sam Greer, after
whom Greer's Beach (Kitsilano Beach today) is named, shot the sheriff
who came to evict him. While that official healed, Sam and his family
were ousted, his buildings levelled, and he spent some time in jail.
September 26, 1891 At Brockton Point the
first British Columbia Amateur Athletic meet was held.
October 1, 1891 The Westminster and Vancouver
Tramway Co. began Canada's first interurban line. The Interurban
ran from Vancouver to New Westminster.
November 27, 1891 The Great Northern Railroad
from Seattle reached the south shore of the Fraser at New Westminster.
Also in 1891
The Great Northern Cannery was built near Sandy Cove
in West Vancouver, where the fisheries research station now stands.
It operated until 1969.
There were now 13,000 residents in Vancouver. In
six years it has grown from a population of 400.
Richmond's Minoru Chapel was built, the first church
on Lulu Island.
The first telephone line in Richmond was installed
at a Steveston store. Messengers were sent from the store to fetch
the person for whom the call is intended while the caller waits.
A map was drawn showing proposed boundaries of Burnaby.
It took in all of Point Grey and what is now South Vancouver. A
copy hangs today on the office wall of Burnaby's mayor.
Continued...
[1757
- 1884] [1885 - 1891] [1892 - 1899]
[1900 - 1905] [1906
- 1908] [1909] [1910]
[1911] [1912]
[1913] [1914]
[1915] [1916]
[1917] [1918]
[1919] [1920]
[1921] [1922]
[1923] [1924]
[1925] [1926]
[1927] [1928]
[1929] [1930]
[1931] [1932]
[1933] [1934]
[1935] [1936]
[1937] [1938]
[1939] [1940]
[1941] [1942]
[1943] [1944]
[1945] [1946]
[1947] [1948]
[1949] [1950]
[1951] [1952]
[1953] [1954]
[1955] [1956]
[1957] [1958]
[1959] [1960]
[1961] [1962]
[1963] [1964]
[1965]
[1966] [1967]
[1968]
[1969] [1970]
[1971] [1972]
[1973] [1974]
[1975]
[1976]
[1977] [1978]
[1979] [1980]
[1981] [1982]
[1983] [1984]
[1985] [1986]
[1987] [1988]
[1989] [1990]
[1991] [1992]
[1993] [1994]
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